Table of Contents
Preface Main Page
Foreword

Part 1 The Negotiating Context
1. The Climate Change Problem
 2. The Climate Convention
and the Kyoto Protocol
3. The Bodies in the Regime
4. The Rules of Procedure
5. State and Non-State Actors
6. Coalitions in the Climate
Change Regime
7. The G-77 and China

Part 2 Negotiating Skills
8. The Ideal Negotiator
 9. The Handicapped Negotiator
10. Coping Strategies
11. Tips and Tricks for the
Lonely Diplomat
 12. Index to the FCCC
 13. References




Part I: The Negotiating Context
6. Coalitions in the Climate Change Regime
The importance of coalitions / The two major negotiating blocs (power-based coalitions) / The divisions within the blocs (issue-based and political) / The divisions across the groups in Non-Annex I / The divisions across the blocs / Tips and tricks

6.4 The divisions across the groups in Non-Annex I

The non-Annex I countries too have diverse groupings. The Africa Group consists of 53 countries, the group of Latin America and the Caribbean has 33 members. Asia does not have an active regional group in the negotiations. In addition, there is AOSIS which has 42 members of which four are not independent States and five are not members of G-77. OPEC has 11 members in Asia, Africa and Latin America. GRILA is an informal group in Latin America. The non-G-77 non-Annex I countries consists of 23 countries.

These groupings are groups of convenience; they are based on historical, economic and geographical associations. AOSIS (Alliance of Small Island States) has a shared concern in relation to their smallness and in relation to their vulnerability. OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) has a shared concern in relation to its oil export revenues that may be affected by reduced use of fossil fuel. GRILA is a lose group of Latin American countries brought together primarily by their interest in promoting the CDM, and in using sink enhancement projects in the CDM. Africa is chiefly concerned about the impacts of climate change. Latin America and the Caribbean are concerned with economic development opportunities; while the key concern in Asia is the fear of caps on growth levels in the future. During the negotiations of June 2000, a new group was formed, which cuts across Annex I/non-Annex I lines. The Environmental Integrity Group is currently composed of Mexico, the Republic of Korea and Switzerland, on the basis of their common interest to ensure environmental integrity in the KP.


The developing countries, although classified as developing, consist of a large number of countries with varying economic circumstances. Some AOSIS countries are very rich on a per capita basis and some OPEC countries very poor. In fact, the World Bank (2000) classified Andorra, Bahamas, Brunei Darussalam, Cyprus, Israel, Kuwait, Malta, Qatar and Singapore as High Income Countries based on their per capita GDP.